PPPP – Perfecting Personal Pronouns in Patois (More Jamaican Patois Grammar)

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Perfecting Personal Pronouns in Patois, that is kind of a tongue twister and if you do not get the hang of this lesson you might get twisted with your Jamaican Patois. One of the main differences between standard English and Jamaican Patois is in the personal pronouns used. Here is a break down of Personal Pronouns (Singular/Plural) in Patois versus Standard English:

Singular

1st person (Patois):  mi, I                                                                     1st person (English): I or me

2nd person (Patois): yu/yuh                                                               2nd person (English): you

3rd person (Patois): im, shi, har/her, i’, it, hit                              3rd person (English): he, she, him, her, it

Plural

1st person (Patois): wi                                                                          1st person (English): we, us

2nd person(Patois): yu/yuh, uno/unu                                             2nd person (English): you, you all

3rd person (Patois): dem                                                                      3rd person (English): they, them

Okay, so now that you have this very academic breakdown of some of the personal pronouns, you might be asking yourself how to use them. Well, here are a few examples to help you better understand using these pronouns in your day to day Jamaican Patois conversations.

Examples:

Mi cyan explain  di problem. = I cannot explain the problem.

Unu neva come pon ma yaad. = You all never come to my house.

Yu haffi drink a likkle wata. = You have to drink a little water.

Hopefully, that makes things clear, but there is one more element you need to know…the Rasta way of using personal pronouns, but in order to do that an explanation must follow each phrase. Now go out and practice some Jamaican Patois with yuh bredren!

While you are studying these lessons, drink some ginger beer and listen to this classic Gregory Isaacs!

Gregory Isaacs – My Number One

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Understanding Jamaican Patois Grammar – Third Person Plural

In order to speak Jamaican Patois properly, you have to disregard some of the rules of standard English. One of the main differences between standard English and Jamaican Patois is the practice of using the third person plural pronoun after a noun  to indicate the plural. Huh?? Okay, here is an example

Standard English:  The boys are coming.

Jamaican Patois: Di bwoy dem a come.

Notice how it isn’t “di bwoys a come”. Basically, you need to add a “dem” after each singular noun to make the noun plural. Here are few additional examples to make this even clearer.

1) Di ooman dem call im Charles. = The women call him Charles.

2) Di yout dem a wuk wit mi bredda. = The youth work with my brother.

3) Yuh see dem pickney? = Did you see those kids?

In example three “dem” was placed in front of pickney which implies the plural. Basically, you need to remember to use “dem” in front or after a singular noun. And remember, there are no official rules to Jamaican Patois, but if you are striving for the most authentic patois, this will be essential. Likkle more!

Busy Signal – Unknown Number

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This is one of my favorite dancehall songs to come out in a while. It’s a little old now, but it is 100% relevant and the lyrics are funny and filed with Jamaican Slang. Busy Signal is one of the hottest dancehall artists out right now and he is a member of Bounty Killer’s Alliance. Too bad there isn’t a real produced video attached to the song, but with the massive growth of the Alliance, hopefully it is just a matter of time.

“Kiss-Teeth” – Why Do Jamaicans Do THAT?

Have you heard someone kiss-teeth? If you haven’t been around many Jamaicans or even people from African cultures, it is highly unlikely, but kissing teeth is one of those unspoken things that is rampant in Jamaican Patois and many other Africanized countries. You see, kissing teeth is a sound that people exposed or from the African Diaspora make when saying “give me a break” or “come on”.

I first started hearing people “kiss” (suck) their teeth as a child when my father used to do it and I’ve heard people from Jamaica, the Virgin Islands, Barbados and even Brazil do it, among other countries. It is definitely an Africanism that is now part of many cultures and languages in the Caribbean and Latin America. If you travel to Nigeria, you are likely to hear it even if it is slightly longer or louder than what you hear in Jamaica, but you will hear it in a conversation.

Recently, in a conversation with a friend in Jamaica, I heard her kiss-teeth and thought that it was definitely something people outside of Jamaica should know about, especially people wanting to learn to speak Jamaican. Words are only a piece of the puzzle. Body language and other minor details will definitely help you speaking ability.  Below is a conversation where two friends are having a conversation about a new club in Kingston, Jamaica and on more than one occasion you will hear kiss-teeth sounds.  Additionally, you get a good idea of the context in which they kiss-teeth.

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To read more about the phenomenon known as kiss-teeth, click here.

Quick Lesson in Jamaican Slang – It a Gwaan!!!

More and more people are learning Jamaican slang because it is fast paced, to the point and fun!!! Check out this video from G4Tv.com as the host, Big C, gets a lesson in Jamaican Slang! Give the video a second to load or click here!


Attack of the Show – AOTS 420: Jamaican SlangClick here for another funny movie.

P.S.- You MUST watch this video if you want to learn the meaning and origin of the worst Jamaican curse word there is! You know, the “B” word. You could go to jail for saying this word…

Back A Yaad and Feelin’Poetic

We were on a little holiday for a few days, so you probably noticed a slow down in posts. Despite the time away, we are back and feeling poetic. Speaking of back and poetry, I thought it would be a good idea to post a poem about returning to Africa. For those of you in the know, repatriation (returning to Africa) is a big deal in the Rastafari movement, but is it really the best thing for people of African descent brough over in slavery. The famous Jamaican author Louise Bennett aka Miss Lou contemplates the idea of returning to Africa in the poem ‘Back to Africa‘. By the way, this poem is in Jamaican Patois, so you really get an idea of the grammar and maybe some Jamaican Slang.

Back to Africa, Miss Mattie?
You no know wha you dah seh?
You haf fe come from somewhe fus
Before you go back deh!

Me know say dat you great great great
Granma was African,
But Mattie, doan you great great great
Granpa was Englishman?

Den you great granmader fader
By you fader side was Jew?
An you granpa by you mader side
Was Frenchie parlez-vous?

But de balance a you family,
You whole generation,
Oonoo all barn dung a Bun Grung-
Oonoo all is Jamaican!

Den is weh you gwine, Miss Mattie?
Oh, you view de countenance,
An between you an de Africans
Is great resemblance!

Ascorden to dat, all dem blue-yeye
White American
Who-fa great granpa was Englishman
Mus go back a Englan!

What a debil of a bump-an-bore,
Rig-jig an palam-pam
Ef de whole worl start fe go back
Whe dem great granpa come from!

Ef a hard time you dah run from
Tek you chance! But Mattie, do
Sure a whe you come from so you got
Somewhe fe come back to!

Go a foreign, seek you fortune,
But no tell nobody say
You dah go fe seek you homelan,
For a right deh so you deh!

Source: Black Woman Thinks…

So, should we go back to Africa? I’d love to hear your feedback on this, since it is such a big deal in the Rastafari movement. More Time.

Daggering is Now Banned in Jamaica!!!

Right now in Jamaica, the ban on “daggarin” is a big issue. For people living “a foreign” (abroad/overseas) this is probably news to you. But before we get into the details, don’t you want to know what is “DAGGARIN?”

No, daggering is not some insane stabbing done by Jamaicans. And no it is not a Jamaican form of sword fighting …pause. The Jamaican Broadcasting Commission, who banned “daggarin” in the first place defines it as “a colloquial term used in dancehall culture as a reference to hardcore sex or what is popularly referred to as dry sex, or the activities of persons engaged in the public simulation of various sexual acts and positions”.

The truth is, I can try to tell you about daggering or you can actually witness it with your own eyes. Here is a video of “daggarin”  done by emerging dancehall artist, Aidonia.

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By clicking below you can see the sequel to this video where Mystic Davis, a friend of a friend (Big Up Spliffy!!), talks about daggering and dancing in Jamaica.We are hoping to interview Mystic in the coming months, so stay tuned. Also, pay attention to her Jamaican Patois…real ting dat!

Jamaica Originates: Mystic Talks About Daggering

We’d like to hear your comments on “daggarin”. Should it be banned??? Click here to read more on the ban on “daggarin”.

Here is a video of Mystic doing her thing, just as a bonus!

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Which Are Better? Uptown Girls vs. Downtown Girls

Uptown Kingston

I was recently listening to some friends talk about their lives in Jamaica and one of the topics was uptown women versus downtown women. The conversation got heated at some points, but it was very insightful and definitely something worth sharing with the rest of the world.

Uptown versus Downtown is a subject that continually comes up in Jamaica, especially amongst people from Kingston. For those that do not know, Kingston, the capital and largest city in Jamaica is divided into two parts: Downtown and Uptown. Although, Downtown and Uptown are divided geographically, there is more to it than just that. It is as if there are two cultures living in one city (even though there are many cultures in Jamaica, to form one Jamaica). Downtown people acti different from uptown people and alot of attention has been placed on the ladies. Here are some perspectives from various Jamaicans on Downtown Women versus Uptown Women.

ok.. its obvious that those terms aren’t locked to geographical location right… cause a ppl can live uptown ad be classified as “downtown” or vice versa, so it based on their vibe, personality etc.

altho, geographical location is highly affecting in jamaica, therefore, a girl living downtown with an “uptown” attitude is probably really “downtown” indeed, and that part of her may come out when she’s angry, letting her guard down etc.

usually uptown girls are classified by: brown skin (obviously not all), rich, most time dont tek bus, maybe have a car by age 18.. tho thats really uptown. usually long relaxed hair, salon every weekend. when them go uwi etc them party girl, always dressed up and all glammed.. classified as freaks cause they usually stray to the bisexual, oral sex loving type of girls. they twang too, they dont try to speak like a normal jamaican, but sugar coat their accents with usa phrases such as “and like”, “omg” etc etc.. usually dont know ho to do chores because they have helpers etc.

downtown girls may be classified as “butu” in an uptown setting. they speak creole, no sweetening. they style and fasion is usually dif from uptown girls where jamaican fashion is dif from new york fashion for that season. their hairstyles will differ likewise… certain disciplines are instilled in them such as gay is wrong, oral sex is wrong. even tho this doesnt say that they arent just as bisexual, lesbian or “freaky” as any other… uptown girls are more bold and OUT THERE with their “freakiness”
downtown girl listen more danchall music than uptown girls. usually wear less make up. generally more skilled in cleaning cooking etc

That is really a very raw perspective, but the feedback given below is really a clear picture of the differences or perceived differences.

Uptown Girl = Uptown girl is a girl that is from an uptown neighborhood in Kingston. She would have received a good education, and have many of the American amenities at her disposal. She would have a helper, driver, a pool, gardner, etc…She as someone mentioned before, would be able to get her hair and nails done weekly, as well as attend all of the “expensive” uptown parties.In days gone uptown girls, were usually mixed race, lighter skinned, long relaxed hair, etc….Now that has changed as some “Downtown” people have moved into some uptown neighborhoods

Downtown = is usually poor, uneducated ghetto people. They would like in other parts of Kingston, they would be the ones to sport the different weave hairdos, in all the different colors. Their manner of talk is different from someone that lives uptown. They would shop in certain stores, and frequent certain parties. They would dance more slack, and go on their heads etc…

This might seem strange for many people living in North America or homogeneous cultures, but this is the reality for many societies in the Caribbean, Latin America, and other places around the world. Many people go to Jamaica and never really get in touch with this aspect of society, but it is the perceived reality in Kingston.

No Jamaican Slang covered in this post, just a valuable insight into Jamaican Society. To read more commentaries about Uptown vs. Downtown, click here. And if that is not enough, listen to this Richie Spice tune to catch the vibez. Zeen!

Richie Spice – Uptown Girl

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Top 10 Most Popular Jamaican Dishes – Guaranteed to Get You Fat!

Jamaican Beef Patty

Jamaica is world famous for its beaches, weather, music and people, but Jamaica also has some scrumptious dishes too. Although, major fast food chains like Kentucky Fried Chicken and Popeye’s are popular among Jamaicans (Yes, Jamaicans love chicken), nothing can “ramp” with the true Jamaican cuisine, so we decided to rank the top 10 Most Popular Jamaican Dishes. This list is in no particular order, but somethings ARE more popular than others, like jerk chicken. Forward!

1 – Jerk Chicken

2 – Jerk Pork

3 – Patties (Beef, Chicken, Saltfish, Ital, etc)

4 – Guinness Ice Cream

5 – Oxtail

6 – Curry Goat

7 – Dumplings

8 – Mackerel Run Down

9 – Callaloo

10 – Ackee

There a certainly things missing, but they just don’t make the top ten! Jerk Chicken is rightfully at the top because chicken is well loved in Jamaica.

Why Rastas Never Worried About Swine Flu?

Rastas Against Pork

Swine Flu has taken the world by storm over the past few weeks and it seems like the chaos is winding down, but for Rastas there was never anything to worry about. Rastas lead a Ital (derived from Vital) lifestyle. 

Ital is a term used by Rastas, derived from “vital”, which means a natural  and healthy way of life. One of the main aspects of the ital lifestyle is the ital food. Ital food focuses on purity because the body is a temple and should not be polluted with impure substances. Also, it is important to take  care of your body out of respect for yourself and the most high. An Ital Diet is largely vegan, but some rastas do eat fish. Salt is still an item of debate, but PORK is definitely prohibited as are preservatives and chemical ingredients. All ingredients in food must be as natural as possible.

Pork is the lowest form of food possible for Rastas and many other faiths around the world. Pork is the worst of all meats to eat since harmful parasites, which are always in pork remain alive even after incredibly high temperatures. Pigs are also scavenger animals.

I remember watching my grandfather feed his pigs and how they would eat almost anything. Rastas and many other religions are on to something. Stay swine flu free by staying away from that pork.